For instance, the medieval stained glass panels of Notre-Dame de Paris had been replaced by white glass to let more light into the church. Victor Hugo began writing Notre-Dame de Paris in 1829, largely to make his contemporaries more aware of the value of the Gothic architecture, which was neglected and often destroyed to be replaced by new buildings or defaced by replacement of parts of buildings in a newer style. Frederic Shoberl's 1833 English translation was published as The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, which became the generally used title in English, referring to Quasimodo, Notre-Dame's bell-ringer. The novel's French title, Notre-Dame de Paris, refers to Notre-Dame Cathedral. The novel made Notre-Dame de Paris a national icon and served as a catalyst for renewed interest in the restoration of Gothic form. The novel sought to preserve values of French culture in a time period of great change, which resulted in the destruction of many French Gothic structures. The novel has been described as a key text in French literature and has been adapted for film over a dozen times, in addition to numerous television and stage adaptations, such as a 1923 silent film with Lon Chaney, a 1939 sound film with Charles Laughton, and a 1996 Disney animated film with Tom Hulce. All its elements- Renaissance setting, impossible love affairs, marginalized characters-make the work a model of the literary themes of Romanticism. It focuses on the unfortunate story of Quasimodo, the Romani street dancer Esmeralda and Quasimodo's guardian the Archdeacon Claude Frollo in 15th-century Paris.

1482) is a French Gothic novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1831. The Hunchback of Notre-Dame ( French: Notre-Dame de Paris, lit.' Our Lady of Paris', originally titled Notre-Dame de Paris.

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